Which reform allowed citizens to introduce legislation and required legislatures to vote on it?

The reform that allowed citizens to introduce legislation and required legislatures to vote on it is known as the initiative. This political process empowers citizens to propose new laws or amendments directly, circumventing traditional legislative bodies. If a sufficient number of voters support the initiative, typically through a petition process, the proposed legislation is then placed on the ballot for a direct vote by the electorate. This mechanism reflects a movement towards increased democratic participation and gives voters more control over the law-making process.

While the direct primary focuses on allowing voters to select their party's candidates for the general election, it does not relate to the introduction of legislation. The recall mechanism allows voters to remove elected officials from office but does not pertain to creating new laws. The referendum typically involves voters deciding on specific legislation that has already been passed by the legislature, rather than allowing citizens to propose legislation themselves.