What economic factors drove the need for American expansionism in the late 19th century?

The late 19th century marked a significant period of industrialization in the United States, which fundamentally transformed its economy. As industries expanded, American manufacturers produced more goods than could be consumed domestically. This surplus created a pressing need for new markets to sell American products abroad. The quest for these international markets became a crucial economic driver behind American expansionism during this era.

Additionally, the industrial economy required access to raw materials that could sustain manufacturing growth. By expanding overseas, the United States aimed not only to sell excess goods but also to secure a steady supply of resources essential for its industries. This desire for economic expansion reflected a broader trend where nations sought to capitalize on global opportunities to enhance their economic power and influence.

In this context, the other answer choices do not directly address the primary economic motivations behind American imperialism. While military bases, cultural promotion, and immigration patterns played their roles in shaping American society and policy, they were not the core drivers of the expansionist drive related to economic interests during this period. Therefore, the emphasis on seeking new markets and resources aligns best with the historical context of American expansionism in the late 19th century.