During the Gilded Age, federal support notably increased for which of the following?

During the Gilded Age, federal support notably increased for the growth of big business due to several key economic and political factors. This period, spanning from the late 19th century, was characterized by rapid industrialization, urbanization, and the rise of corporations. The federal government played a significant role in facilitating the rise of big business through various means, including limited regulation, favorable tariffs, and infrastructure improvements.

One driving force was the deregulatory environment that allowed businesses to thrive with minimal government oversight. Additionally, the government supported large-scale projects like railroads, which were vital for transporting goods and resources, effectively enhancing the reach and profits of major corporations. This provided a substantial boost to industrialists and entrepreneurs, leading to the emergence of powerful monopolies and trusts.

During this era, while other aspects such as foreign wars and territorial acquisitions did occur, they did not receive the same level of direct federal support as the expansion and consolidation of large businesses. Thus, the growth of big business is the most accurate answer, reflecting the symbiotic relationship between federal policies and industrial expansion during the Gilded Age.